RENEWABLE ENERGY DISTRIBUTIVE POWER MAMAGEMENT (REDPM) Proposal 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A summary by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) research of the impact of operations of wind power on general power plant operationa1 states (ref 1) The wind plant has the potential to provide about 6% of WFEC’s peak summer demand. During periods of high winds and low loads, wind power may reach 16% of the control area load. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) worked with WFEC to analyze the impact of wind power on WFEC system operations through the 1-minute system data stream (load, total generation, scheduled interchange, actual interchange, frequency, and ACE) collected from the energy management system (EMS). The results show that, at such a penetration level, wind power has a very small effect on system operations. The fluctuations of wind power caused only a slight increase in the variability of the system-- apparent load (system load minus wind power). In essence wind energy that supplies 6% of total power may provide as much as 16% of power during lower power periods but have no impact on overall on-demand power requirements. This is attributed to non-REDPM planning where maximum power output goals are pursued in wind farm development rather than maximum sustainable minimum power. If this is extrapolated to a 20% installed base of wind power, it is possible that on-demand power requirements would remain unchanged if REDPM planning is not done. REDPM goal is to synergistically deploy renewable energy assets with maximum sustainable minimum power levels which in turn provide the maximum reduction of on-demand power resources. REDPM impact on a 20% wind energy installed base is to achieve a maximum reduction of the need for on-demand power.. The goal pursues adding installed renewable energy base while simultaneously reducing the dependence of on-demand power such as fossil power plants.
Above is hyperlink to image of macro enabled Excel worksheet file for simplified wind energy forecasting and wind energy REDPM rate calculator vs. wind energy deployed. 1.1 Mission REDPM is a comprehensive renewable energy power planning and management business strategy dedicated to reducing on-demand power required to support renewable energy power generation. Macro-growth in energy demands increases with time and loosely correlates with power plant capacity growth. This is a loose correlation because energy needs may increase during off peak hours allowing existing power plants to provide increase energy without a need for increase in power capacity. However, when energy needs increase during peak periods beyond capacity of power plants, growth in total power deployed is needed. REDPM assesses renewable energy assets by peak power and minimum sustainable power. Renewable energy assets reduce on-demand power assets required by their minimum sustainable renewable power delivered. A renewable energy asset with a minimum sustainable power will require an on-demand power supply (usually fossil power plant) that can deliver total load power less minimum sustainable renewable energy power. If minimum sustainable renewable energy power is zero, the on-demand power supplies the total load power at this time. Under these conditions (REDPM rate is 0%), renewable energy reduces the total energy requirements of on-demand power but the power capacity needs of on-demand power remains unchanged. The implication to power planning is that the need for on-demand power will continue to grow with increase in power needs despite increases in renewable energy deployment. As a greater portion of energy needs is met by renewable energy, the on-demand power assets will continue to grow, but their utilization rates will be on the decline. REDPM identifies a minimum sustainable rate of renewable energy power generation needed to set on-demand power to a predetermined level. The strategy targets a timeframe and adjusts renewable energy deployment rates to achieve a fixed level of on-demand power. Strategies for high rates of sustainable minimum renewable wind power levels include, winds farm location selection, turbine positioning layout, topology studies, metrological data studies, energy storage and complementary planning of wind clusters. However REDPM rate will remain less than 100%. Similar strategies hold for renewable solar energy. Renewable hydroelectric is totally sustainable and contributes 100% of its power to minimum sustainability (REDPM rate = 100%). Renewable geothermal energy is also in this category. Renewable tidal and wave energy technology REDPM rates require calculations beyond the scope of this paper. Increasing levels of WFDPM rates require a greater WFDPM rate for the last wind energy installation. Beyond a certain point, a maximum practical WFDPM rate is reached and on-demand planning growth is required. This analysis translates to cycles of repeated on-demand energy deployment that is mandatory after a saturation of wind energy deployment is reached. REFERENCES 2. Texas reference information: 3. Siemens News 4. Decentralized Energy Management System 5. Siemens Combined Cycle Power Plant Simulator |
After the hurdle of capital expenditures and matching wind power generation technology is solved, the issue of transmission from high wind energy areas to high power demand areas remains. US power grid expansion has not kept pace with power demand and facilities operate at near capacity from the power generating south west corridor to the major metropolitan areas. The projected 2020 power demand growth of 12% exceeds 40,000MW. A 2% growth in transmission grid or 3,000 miles would be added during this period. The bottleneck in transmission capacity remains an added factor for wind energy facilities deployment.
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